skip-link-menu js-skip-link-menu , anchor skip-link js-skip-link, anchor-text, js-ad-banner, u-light-theme, app sd-flex-container, sd-flex-content, u-flex-center-ver u-position-relative u-padding-s-hor u-padding-m-hor-from-sm u-padding-l-hor-from-lg, u-flex-center-ver, gh-logo, gh-wordmark u-margin-s-left, a, gh-nav-cnt u-hide-from-print, gh-nav-links-container gh-nav-links-container-h u-hide-from-print, gh-nav gh-nav-links gh-nav-h, gh-nav-list u-list-reset, gh-nav-item gh-move-to-spine, anchor gh-nav-action, gh-nav gh-nav-utilities gh-nav-h, gh-nav-item gh-search-toggle, anchor button-link-primary gh-nav-action gh-icon-btn, icon icon-search gh-icon, gh-nav-item gh-move-to-spine gh-help-button, anchor gh-nav-action gh-icon-btn, icon icon-help gh-icon, gh-profile-container gh-move-to-spine u-hide-from-print, link-button u-margin-m-left link-button-secondary link-button-small, link-button-text, link-button u-margin-m-left link-button-primary link-button-small, mobile-menu u-hide-from-print, gh-hamburger u-fill-grey7 u-margin-m-left, button-link u-flex-center-ver button-link-primary, gh-hamburger-svg-el gh-hamburger-closed, button-link-text, mobile-menu-overlay u-overlay u-display-none, , u-padding-s text-s, gh-dh-opt, gh-dh-actions, anchor, anchor u-margin-m-left, gh-nav-links-container u-hide-from-print, gh-nav gh-nav-links gh-nav-v, gh-nav-item, gh-nav gh-nav-utilities gh-nav-v, anchor button-link-primary gh-nav-action, page-container, JournalBannerStickyContainer-sc-1oj9st5-0 hrBBrA, ContainerSection-sc-1oj9st5-1 iZbVpG, thb58v-10 eQsjWD, SummaryInfo-thb58v-0 YHeay, CoverImageContainer-thb58v-1 TAheV, anchor js-cover-image-link, cover-image-large cover-image js-cover-image, SummaryInfoHeader-thb58v-2 gYkBVC, TitleContainer-thb58v-3 cVnlAl, BannerTitle-thb58v-4 dLNmeV js-title-text u-text-light u-h2, anchor js-title-link anchor-has-background-color anchor-has-inherit-color, MetricsContainer-thb58v-7 gdHGzf, CiteScore-thb58v-8 bfYlPy js-cite-score metric, button-link button-link button-link-secondary u-text-left, text-l u-display-block, text-xs , CiteScore-thb58v-8 bfYlPy ImpactFactor-thb58v-9 hYCnEe js-impact-factor metric, ci0evv-0 eEGsXd js-banner-links, nav-search-container, BannerNav-sc-10g9lo7-4 hBjNUe banner-nav, BannerNavList-sc-10g9lo7-5 dNkJLC, u-margin-l-right, StyledExpandableNavItem-sc-10g9lo7-3 jMWbSv expandable-nav-item u-padding-s-ver, Label-sc-10g9lo7-1 gDlNLo label, u-clr-black, icon icon-navigate-down u-margin-xs-left, mobile-nav, NavMobileContainer-qc9cjb-1 jRAQtG nav-mobile-container, button MenuButton-qc9cjb-0 iXBPzB nav-mobile-menu-button button-primary, icon icon-hamburger, button-text, StyledSlideOutMenu-sc-18yob3k-3 diLBQz slide-out-menu hidden, accordion-container u-font-sans nav-items, accordion-panel, accordion-panel-title u-padding-s-ver u-text-left text-l, accordion-title, icon icon-navigate-up accordion-icon navigate-up, accordion-panel-content u-padding-s-ver, NavSubItems-sc-18yob3k-1 fpILCc, Item-sc-18yob3k-2 bEdqCE link, link-anchor u-clr-black, Divider-ovea6m-0 hazhZt, button-alternative js-link js-follow-link button-alternative-primary, button-alternative-text, button-alternative js-rss-link-button rss-link-button button-alternative-primary, icon icon-navigate-down accordion-icon, search-container, JournalBannerSearchContainer-sc-7377zd-0 kUWijy banner-search-container u-padding-m-left mobile-search, button-link reset-search-button button-link-primary, icon icon-navigate-left, icon icon-search search-icon u-fill-blue, search-form u-padding-m-left, SearchInput-sc-7377zd-1 jBaZgA search-input, submit-search-button-wrap, button submit-search-button button-primary, icon icon-search, sc-1kuoqtp-3 guEfys, anchor StyledAnchor-sc-1kuoqtp-0 cBjxzx SubmitArticleCTA-sc-1kuoqtp-1 kyhLLo anchor-has-background-color anchor-has-inherit-color, icon icon-arrow-up-right, anchor StyledAnchor-sc-1kuoqtp-0 cBjxzx GFAButton-sc-1kuoqtp-2 kRCGlp anchor-has-background-color anchor-has-inherit-color, journal-about-section, about-section-background-area, latest-issue-container, js-latest-issue latest-issue, js-title title, content, anchor js-volume volume-issue-text, js-cover-date cover-text, society-logo-container u-show-from-md, about-container right-column has-latest-issue, js-journal-info-heading about-section-heading u-h3 u-clr-grey8 , text-s u-margin-xs-ver u-clr-grey7 js-title-evolutions, js-title-evolution-group, js-title-evolution, js-title-evolution-prefix, js-title-evolution-suffix, u-margin-m-top col-xs-24 col-lg-24, u-margin-xs-bottom text-s branded, js-content-container u-margin-m-bottom, society-container right-column has-latest-issue, SocietyLink-fxszc1-0 lnEsSi, anchor js-society-link anchor-has-colored-icon, society-logo-container u-hide-from-md, editorial-banner grid u-margin-xxl-top section-container, section-heading u-margin-l-ver, editorial-header, editorial-row, editor u-margin-l-right, editor-img-container u-margin-m-right, editor-info-container, js-editor-role text-s, js-editor-name, js-editor-affiliation branded text-s u-margin-xs-top, button-alternative js-editorial-board-link u-margin-xl-top move-right button-alternative-primary, icon icon-navigate-right, article-zone, grid u-margin-xs-top section-container, row, col-sm-24, u-margin-l-ver, js-article-zone-heading, tabs, tab-list, tab tab-is-selected, tab-title, tab, tab-panel tab-panel-is-selected, grid js-articles, row gutters, col-sm-24 col-md-12 col-lg-6 js-article-item, u-margin-s-ver u-margin-s-right card, article-info text-xs, js-article-subtype, js-open-access, js-access-indicator u-margin-xs-hor access-indicator-no, u-font-serif, text-m u-display-inline, anchor js-article__item__title__link u-clr-grey8, text-s u-clr-grey8 js-article__item__authors, u-clr-grey8 u-text-italic text-s js-article-item-aip-date, anchor pdf-download text-s u-margin-xs-ver u-display-block, icon icon-download, hor-line u-margin-xs-top, col-sm-24 u-margin-l-top u-margin-m-bottom u-margin-0-bottom-from-md, button-alternative js-listing-link button-alternative-primary, tab-panel, marketing-section u-padding-xl-top-from-lg, grid u-margin-xl-top section-container, tabs marketing-section-tabs, tab-panel tab-panel-is-selected elements, marketing-item, date u-text--, title u-margin-xs-top, anchor anchor-has-inherit-color, js-special-issues-zone u-padding-l-bottom u-bg-grey1, grid u-margin-l-top section-container, js-special-issues-heading, col-sm-24 col-md-12 col-lg-6 u-padding-xs-ver, u-bg-white panel-s special-issue-card js-special-issue-card, anchor js-special-issue-link u-margin-xs-bottom, js-special-issue-title, text-s js-special-issue-date, u-margin-s-top col-sm-24 col-md-8 col-lg-6 col-xl-5, button-alternative js-special-issue-section-link button-alternative-primary, u-margin-s-top col-sm-24 col-md-12, button-alternative u-margin-l-right js-special-issue-section-link button-alternative-primary, journal-information journal-information-with-links u-margin-l-top, journal-information-container section-container, issn-copyright-container, issn-container u-margin-xs-ver u-margin-m-ver-from-md u-margin-l-right u-display-inline-block, js-issn text-s, text-s, copyright-container u-margin-m-top u-margin-l-bottom u-display-inline-block, js-copyright text-s, footer-links u-margin-xl-top-from-md row, footer-links-column col-xs-24 col-md-8, footer-links-column-heading u-padding-xs-bottom, anchor u-padding-xs-top, els-footer u-bg-white text-xs u-padding-s-hor u-padding-m-hor-from-sm u-padding-l-hor-from-md u-padding-l-ver u-margin-l-top u-margin-xl-top-from-sm u-margin-l-top-from-md, els-footer-elsevier u-margin-m-bottom u-margin-0-bottom-from-md u-margin-s-right u-margin-m-right-from-md u-margin-l-right-from-lg, footer-logo, els-footer-content, u-remove-if-print, els-footer-links u-margin-xs-bottom, anchor u-display-block u-clr-grey8 u-margin-s-bottom u-margin-0-bottom-from-sm u-margin-m-right-from-sm u-margin-l-right-from-md, anchor u-clr-grey8 u-margin-0-right, u-remove-if-not-print, els-footer-relx u-margin-0-top u-margin-m-top-from-xs u-margin-0-top-from-md,